The
Individual Self
| 5-1 |
puram ekᾱdᾱśa-dvᾱram ajasyᾱvakra-cetasaḥ, anuṣṭhᾱya na śocati vimuktasca vimucyate: etad vai tat. |
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Yama: The city of the unborn (Brahman) whose knowledge is permanent, has eleven gates. Adoring Him one does not grieve, and liberated (from all bonds of ignorance), he becomes free. This verily is That.
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| 5-2 |
haṁsaś śuciṣat, vasur antarikṣasat hotᾱ vediṣat, atithir duroṇasat, nṛṣat, varasat, ṛtasat, vyomasat, abjᾱ, gojᾱ, ṛtajᾱ, adrijᾱ, ṛtam bṛhat. |
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Yama: As Hamsa (sun) he dwells in heaven, as Vasu (air) he dwells in the sky, as fire he dwells on the earth, as guest he dwells in a house, he dwells in men, in gods, in truth, in ether. He is born in the waters, he is born in the earth, he is born in the sacrifice, he is born on the mountains, he is true and great.
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| 5-3 |
ῡrdhvam prᾱṇam unnayaty apᾱnam pratyag asyati, madhye vᾱmanam ᾱsīnaṁ viśve devᾱ upᾱsate. |
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Yama: He (Brahman) sends up the Prana and throws the Apana downwards, that adorable one seated in the centre, all Devas worship.
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| 5-4 |
asya visraṁsamᾱnasya śarīrasthasya dehinaḥ, dehᾱd vimucyamᾱnasya kim atra pariśiṣyate: etad vai tat. |
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Yama: When this Atman who dwells in the body departs from the body, what remains then? This verily is That.
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| 5-5 |
na prᾱṇena nᾱpᾱnena martyo jīvati kaś cana, itareṇa tu jīvanti, yasminn etᾱv upᾱśritau. |
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Yama: Not by Prana, not by Apana does any mortal live, but it is by some other on which these two depend that men live. |
Rebirth
| 5-6 |
hanta ta idaṁ pravakṣyᾱmi guhyam brahma sanᾱtanam: yathᾱ ca maraṇam prᾱpya ᾱtmᾱ bhavati gautama. |
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Yama: Well then, O Gautama, I will explain the mysterious, ancient Brahman and also what happens to the Self after death.
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| 5-7 |
yonim anye prapadyante śarīratvᾱya dehinaḥ, sthᾱṇum anye’nusamyanti, yathᾱ karma, yathᾱ śrutam. |
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Yama: Some Jivas enter the womb in order to have a body, others go into the inorganic matter according to their Karma and knowledge.
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| 5-8 |
ya eṣa supteṣu jᾱgarti kᾱmam kᾱmam puruṣo nirmimᾱṇaḥ tad eva śukraṁ tad brahma tad evᾱmṛtam ucyate. tasmin lokᾱḥ śritᾱḥ sarve, tad u nᾱtyeti kaś cana: etad vai tat. |
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Yama: This Purusha who, building desire after desire, is awake when all sleep, is called certainly ‘the pure,’ is called Brahman, is called even immortal. Upon Him all the worlds are found: no one goes beyond that. This verily is That. |
The Inner
Self is Both Immanent And Transcendent
| 5-9 |
agnir yathaiko bhuvanam praviṣṭo rῡpaṁ rῡpam prati-rῡpo babhῡva, ekas tathᾱ sarva-bhῡtᾱntar-ᾱtmᾱ rῡpaṁ rῡpam prati-rῡpo bahiś ca. |
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Yama: As the one fire, after it has entered the world, though one, takes different forms according to whatever it burns, so does the internal Atman of all living beings, though one, takes a form according to whatever He enters and is outside all forms.
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| 5-10 |
vᾱyur yathaiko bhuvanam praviṣṭo rῡpaṁ rῡpam prati-rῡpo babhῡva, ekas tathᾱ sarva-bhῡtᾱntar-ᾱtmᾱ rῡpaṁ rῡpam prati-rῡpo bahiś ca. |
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Yama: As the one air, after it has entered the world, though one, takes different forms according to whatever it enters, so the internal Atman of all living beings, though one, assumes forms, according to whatever He enters and is outside all forms.
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| 5-11 |
sῡryo yathᾱ sarva-lokasya cakṣur na lipyate cakṣuṣair bᾱhya-doṣaih ekas tathᾱ sarva-bhῡtᾱntar-ᾱtmᾱ na lipyate loka-duḥkena bᾱhyaḥ. |
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Yama: As the sun, the eye of the whole world, is not contaminated by the defects of the eye or of external things, so the one internal Atman of all living beings, is not contaminated by the misery of the world, being external to it.
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| 5-12 |
eko vaśī sarva-bhῡtᾱntar-ᾱtmᾱ ekam bījam bahudhᾱ yaḥ karoti, tam ᾱtmastham ye’nupaśyanti dhīrᾱs teṣaṁ sukhaṁ śasvataṁ netareṣaṁ. |
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Yama: He is One, the ruler, the internal Atman of all living beings, who makes manifold His one form—those wise men who realise Him in their hearts, to them belongs eternal happiness and not for others.
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| 5-13 |
nityo’nityᾱnᾱṁ cetanaś cetanᾱnᾱm eko bahῡnᾱm yo vidadhᾱti kᾱmᾱn, tam ᾱtmastham yenupaśyanti dhīrᾱḥ; teṣᾱṁ śᾱntiś śasvatī netareṣᾱṁ. |
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Yama: The wise who behold the Self as the eternal among the transient, as conscious among the conscious, who, though one, grants the desires of many, as dwelling in their own selves, to them belongs eternal peace, not to others.
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| 5-14 |
tad etad iti manyante’ nirdeśyam paramaṁ sukham, kathaṁ nu tad vijᾱnīyᾱm kimu bhᾱti vibhᾱti vᾱ. |
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Nachiketas: They (the sages) perceive that indescribable highest bliss as ‘This is That.’ How shall I know that? Does it shine (of itself) or does it shine by another light?
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| 5-15 |
na tatra sῡryo bhᾱti, na candra-tᾱrakam, nemᾱ vidyuto bhᾱnti, kuto’yam agniḥ: tam eva bhᾱntam anubhᾱti sarvaṁ tasya bhᾱsᾱ sarvam idaṁ vibhᾱti. |
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Yama: The sun does not shine there, nor do the moon and the stars, nor do lightnings shine and much less this fire. When He shines, everything shines after Him; by His light, all these shine. |
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